Introduction
In this article, I'm going to present tCNode template. It is a template class that allows programmers to organize data in memory in an indexed multi-node data tree. Internally, it uses STL containers like map and vector. It is portable. That means it will compile in Windows and Unix systems. Sample apps were tested on Windows, Linux and MacOS.
At end of this article, you will find summarized syntax and description of all methods available in tCNode template.
Let us start seeing how to apply tCNode template by using real cases.
Contents
- Introduction to tCNode
- Multi-Thread and Synchronization Tip
- Do Not Copy it, Reference it
- Keys, Addresses and Shortcuts
- Data Sorters: Sorting Values Regardless Keys
- Explaining Article Sample
- tCNode Reference
- Conclusion
1. Introduction to tCNode
tCNode template allows you to handle data in a multi-node data tree. Each node can have sub nodes and those sub nodes are indexed by a key.
The graphical representation and main properties of a node is shown in Figure 1:
Figure 1: tCNode graphical representation
Let us come straight to the point. The following piece of code show the basics of how to use tCNode template. Notice I've coded by using VS2010. Of course, tCNode is portable to any UNIX flavor (Linux, for example).
#include "stdafx.h" // REMOVE IF COMPILE UNDER LINUX/UNIX
#include "tcnode.h"
#ifdef _DEBUG // REMOVE IF COMPILE UNDER LINUX/UNIX
#define new DEBUG_NEW // REMOVE IF COMPILE UNDER LINUX/UNIX
#endif // REMOVE IF COMPILE UNDER LINUX/UNIX
void print_tree(int &_data, std::string &_key, long _deep);
TNODE_SET_TYPE(Basic, int, std::string)
int main(int _argc, char* _argv[])
{
TBasic root;
root.setDataAndKey(0, "root");
root.createNode(1, "A");
root.createNode(3, "C");
root.createNode(2, "B");
TBasicRef sub1 = root.createNode(4, "D");
sub1.createNode(10, "A");
sub1.createNode(20, "B");
TBasicRef sub2 = sub1.createNode(30, "C");
sub2.createNode(100, "A");
sub2.createNode(200, "B");
sub2.createNode(300, "C");
root.createNode(5, "E");
root.createNode(6, "F");
root.transverse(print_tree);
std::cout << "Press enter to continue ...";
std::cin.get();
return 0;
}
void print_tree(int &_data, std::string &_key, long _deep)
{
int ident =_deep;
if ( _deep )
std::cout << " ";
while(ident--)
std::cout << " ";
std::cout << _key << "=[" << _data << "]\n";
}
Compile and run the sample. You will get the output shown in Figure 2. Also it is described type declaration and the use of TNODE_SET_TYPE.
Figure 2: tCNode type definition
2. Multi-Thread and Synchronization Tip
tCNode template is not thread safe. You should create synchronization routines to guarantee data integrity when a tCNode instance is a shared resource. That is not a problem at all. Operating Systems offer support APIs to synchronization (Win32 on Windows, POSIX on UNIX). For example, on Windows OS:
#include "tcnode.h"
using namespace std;
TNODE_SET_TYPE(Node, string, string)
CRITICAL_SECTION CriticalSection;
TNode allnodes;
int main( void )
{
...
}
DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc( LPVOID lpParameter )
{
...
EnterCriticalSection(&CriticalSection);
allnodes.createNode("John", "Name")
LeaveCriticalSection(&CriticalSection);
...
return 1;
}
3. Do Not Copy it, Reference it
For most C++ programmers, the next lines seem too obvious but for those who are new to C++ programming or even C programmers who are learning C++ references, it may be a trap!
The following code shows clearly what C++ reference is:
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main(int _argc, char *_argv[])
{
int X = 10;
int Y = 99;
int &A = X;
A = Y;
cout << "X=" << X << " Y=" << Y << "\n";
return 0;
}
Compile and test it. You will see X and A are the same variable.
Now, let us see a complete example that shows the right way to access data into a specific node and change it. Of course, "right way" depends upon what you want to achieve.
In the following sample, we have a tree with 3 levels where key is a std::string and data is a typedef struct (tCPERSON). tCPERSON instance holds basic information like full name, age and gender. It has meaning only in the last level (level 2). Level 0 is the root, level 1 is the occupation and nodes in level 2 hold personal information.
The goal is change age information of two people: Sarah Neutron and Mark Mandarin.
<a name="#T001">#include "tcnode.h"
using namespace std;
typedef struct _CPERSON_
{
string name;
int age;
string gender;
_CPERSON_() : name(""), age(0), gender("") { }
_CPERSON_(string _name, int _age, string _gender) : name(_name), age(_age), gender(_gender) { }
} tCPERSON;
void print_tree(tCPERSON &_data, string &_key, long _deep);
TNODE_SET_TYPE(Person, tCPERSON, string)
int main(int _argc, char* _argv[])
{
TPerson rnode;
rnode.setDataAndKey(tCPERSON(), "ROOT");
TPersonRef ref_man = rnode.createNode(tCPERSON(), "MANAGERS");
ref_man.createNode(tCPERSON("John Nobody", 45, "MALE"), "M0001");
ref_man.createNode(tCPERSON("Billy Something", 51, "MALE"), "M0002");
ref_man.createNode(tCPERSON("Mary Hidden", 38, "FEMALE"), "M0003");
TPersonRef ref_emp = rnode.createNode(tCPERSON(), "EMPLOYEES");
ref_emp.createNode(tCPERSON("Ed Storm", 28, "MALE"), "E0001");
ref_emp.createNode(tCPERSON("Sarah Neutron", 33, "FEMALE"), "E0002");
ref_emp.createNode(tCPERSON("Peter Pandora", 38, "MALE"), "E0003");
ref_emp.createNode(tCPERSON("Mark Mandarin", 29, "MALE"), "E0004");
rnode.transverse(print_tree);
std::cout << "Press enter to continue ...";
std::cin.get();
TPersonPtr person_ptr = rnode.getFirstSubNodeByKey("E0002");
if ( person_ptr == NULL )
exit(-1);
TPersonRef person_ref = TNODE_PTR_TO_REF(person_ptr); person_ref.getData().age = 34;
rnode.transverse(print_tree);
std::cout << "Press enter to continue ...";
std::cin.get();
person_ptr = rnode.getFirstSubNodeByKey("E0004");
if ( person_ptr == NULL )
exit(-1); TPerson person_cpy = TNODE_PTR_TO_REF(person_ptr); person_cpy.getData().age = 44;
rnode.transverse(print_tree);
std::cout << "Press enter to continue ...";
std::cin.get();
return 0;
}
void print_tree(tCPERSON &_data, string &_key, long _deep)
{
switch(_deep)
{
case 0:
cout << "*** PEOPLE LIST\n";
break;
case 1:
cout << "\t" << _key << ":\n";
break;
case 2:
cout << "\t\tCode : " << _key << "\n" ;
cout << "\t\tName : " << _data.name << "\n";
cout << "\t\tAge : " << _data.age << "\n";
cout << "\t\tGender: " << _data.gender << "\n\n";
break;
default:
break;
}
}
See the result:
See in STEP 2, Sarah has her age really changed by referencing the original data:
TPersonPtr person_ptr = rnode.getFirstSubNodeByKey("E0002");
if ( person_ptr == NULL )
exit(-1);
TPersonRef person_ref = TNODE_PTR_TO_REF(person_ptr); person_ref.getData().age = 34;
Mark, on the other hand, got his age changed too but on a copy of his node! Nothing happened on the original data tree.
4. Keys, Addresses and Shortcuts
A specific node in tCNode data tree can be directly accessed by 3 ways:
Recall sample code at previous topic and let us see the first way to access a node by its key:
The following piece of code shows the use of getFirstSubNodeByKey function. Notice it is being called from root node and returns a pointer to a node at 2nd level. We know a key is unique in its level but in this case there is only one key with value E0002 on entire tree. Root node is level 0 but this sample will work if getFirstSubNodeByKey was called from level 1 because it walks down the tree from node it is being called to last level.
TPersonPtr person_ptr = rnode.getFirstSubNodeByKey("E0002");
if ( person_ptr == NULL )
exit(-1);
However, if you want to point to a child-node of the current node, you will prefer getNodeByKey.
An address is a full path from root to target node. It is represented by a vector of keys. An example:
TPersonPtr person_ptr = rnode.getFirstSubNodeByKey("E0002");
if ( person_ptr == NULL )
exit(-1);
std::vector<TPerson::tcnode_key> vkeys;
person_ptr->getNodeFullAddress(vkeys);
std::cout << "\n\nLEVEL\t KEY\n";
for ( int x = 0; x < vkeys.size(); x++ )
std::cout << " " << x << "\t " << vkeys[x] << "\n";
After calling getNodeFullAddress, a vector containing all keys that makes the full path is returned:
In a real situation, vkeys can be saved and used later to get the same node by using getNodeByFullAddress.
A shortcut is a string that allows fast access to one specific node. An example:
TPersonPtr person_ptr = rnode.getFirstSubNodeByKey("E0002");
if ( person_ptr == NULL )
exit(-1);
TPersonRef pref = TNODE_PTR_TO_REF(person_ptr);
std::vector<tperson::tcnode_key> xkeys;
pref.getNodeFullAddress(xkeys);
pref.addShortcut("SARAH", xkeys);
TPersonPtr psarah = rnode.getNodeByShortcut("SARAH");
if ( psarah == NULL )
exit(-1);
std::cout << "\nNAME: " << psarah->getData().name << "\n";
You create a shortcut by calling addShortcut and passing a string plus the full address of node. Notice shortcuts are not related to current node but the entire tree. Shortcut structured is kept in root node to be accessible independent upon node application is point to. Thus a second call to addShortcut from a different node passing the same string will replace the first one.
5. Data Sorters: Sorting Values Regardless Keys
Data Sorter is a mechanism where you can create rules to sort data in nodes regardless of the keys. The functions to handle data sorter operation are addDataSorter, getDataSorterByName and selectDataEqualsTo. You can create as many data sorters you want. Unlike shortcuts, a single node can keep its own data sorters list.
Let us see a complete sample:
#include "tcnode.h"
using namespace std;
typedef struct _CPERSON_
{
string name;
int age;
string gender;
_CPERSON_() : name(""), age(0), gender("") { }
_CPERSON_(string _name, int _age, string _gender) : name(_name), age(_age), gender(_gender) { }
} tCPERSON;
TNODE_SET_TYPE(Person, tCPERSON, string)
bool females_sorter(TPersonPtr _ref1, TPersonPtr _ref2)
{
TPersonRef sub1 = TNODE_PTR_TO_REF(_ref1);
TPersonRef sub2 = TNODE_PTR_TO_REF(_ref2);
int res1 = sub1.getData().gender == "FEMALE" ? 1 : 0;
int res2 = sub2.getData().gender == "FEMALE" ? 1 : 0;
if ( res1 == res2 == 1 )
return (sub1.getData().name < sub2.getData().name);
return (res1 > res2);
}
bool males_employees_sorter(TPersonPtr _ref1, TPersonPtr _ref2)
{
TPersonRef sub1 = TNODE_PTR_TO_REF(_ref1);
TPersonRef sub2 = TNODE_PTR_TO_REF(_ref2);
int res1 = sub1.getData().gender == "MALE" ? 1 : 0;
int res2 = sub2.getData().gender == "MALE" ? 1 : 0;
if ( res1 == res2 == 1 )
return (sub1.getData().name < sub2.getData().name);
return (res1 > res2);
}
bool ages_sorter(TPersonPtr _ref1, TPersonPtr _ref2)
{
TPersonRef sub1 = TNODE_PTR_TO_REF(_ref1);
TPersonRef sub2 = TNODE_PTR_TO_REF(_ref2);
return (sub1.getData().age > sub2.getData().age);
}
int main(int _argc, char* _argv[])
{
TPerson rnode;
rnode.setDataAndKey(tCPERSON(), "ROOT");
TPersonRef ref_man = rnode.createNode(tCPERSON(), "MANAGERS");
TPersonRef reftoJohn = ref_man.createNode(tCPERSON("John Nobody", 45, "MALE"), "M0001");
std::vector<std::string> keysx;
reftoJohn.getNodeFullAddress(keysx);
reftoJohn.addShortcut("POINTER-TO-JOHN", keysx);
ref_man.createNode(tCPERSON("Billy Something", 51, "MALE"), "M0002");
ref_man.createNode(tCPERSON("Mary Hidden", 38, "FEMALE"), "M0003");
ref_man.createNode(tCPERSON("Eva Unah", 38, "FEMALE"), "M0004");
TPersonRef ref_emp = rnode.createNode(tCPERSON(), "EMPLOYEES");
ref_emp.createNode(tCPERSON("Ed Storm", 28, "MALE"), "E0001");
ref_emp.createNode(tCPERSON("Sarah Neutron", 33, "FEMALE"), "E0002");
ref_emp.createNode(tCPERSON("Peter Pandora", 38, "MALE"), "E0003");
ref_emp.createNode(tCPERSON("Mark Mandarin", 29, "MALE"), "E0004");
rnode.addDataSorter("FEMALES", females_sorter, TRUE);
TPersonPtr pemployees = rnode.getFirstSubNodeByKey("EMPLOYEES");
pemployees->addDataSorter("MALE_EMPLOYESS", males_employees_sorter, TRUE);
rnode.addDataSorter("AGES", ages_sorter, TRUE);
pemployees->refreshDataSorters();
rnode.refreshDataSorters();
BOOL bValid = FALSE;
std::cout << "*** FEMALES LIST (ALL)\n\n";
std::vector<TPersonPtr> &fem = rnode.getDataSorterByName("FEMALES", bValid);
for ( size_t x = 0; x < fem.size(); x++ )
if ( fem[x]->getData().gender == "FEMALE" )
std::cout << fem[x]->getData().name << "\n";
std::cout << "\n\n*** MALES LIST (EMPLOYEES NODE)\n\n";
pemployees = rnode.getFirstSubNodeByKey("EMPLOYEES");
std::vector<TPersonPtr> &mal = pemployees->getDataSorterByName("MALE_EMPLOYESS", bValid);
for ( size_t x = 0; x < mal.size(); x++ )
if ( mal[x]->getData().gender == "MALE" )
std::cout << mal[x]->getData().name << "\n";
std::cout << "\n\n*** AGES FROM OLDER TO YOUNGER\n\n";
std::vector<TPersonPtr> &age = rnode.getDataSorterByName("AGES", bValid);
for ( size_t x = 0; x < age.size(); x++ )
if ( age[x]->getData().age > 0 )
std::cout << age[x]->getData().name << "\t\t" << age[x]->getData().age << " years old\n";
std::cout << "\n\n";
system("pause");
return 0;
}
In the sample, three data sorters are created: The first to group only female employees independent upon job; The second to group only male in EMPLOYEES node; and the last data sorter sorts everyone by age. The expected output:
6. Explaining Article Sample
Demo application in this tutorial shows a practical use to tCNode. The demo app named dirreader does exactly what the name suggests.
Given a root path, dirreader will transverse all sub-directories and contents saving each object (file or directory) data as nodes of tCNode. The syntax is as follows:
dirreader <path> [--print-tree]<path> </path>
You have both versions to Windows and Unix. Unix version was tested on Linux and MacOS.
For example:
dirreader C:\Windows or ./dirreader /home will read recursively all objects in those paths and in the end will execute 2 data sorters: first shows top 10 largest files and second shows top 10 longest file names.
--print-tree option bypasses data sorter execution and print all tree to standard output. In this case, if you want to log all tree, you should use:
./dirreader /home --print-tree >result.txt
The Windows version is both VS2005 and VS2010 projects. Unix/Linux version can be compiled:
g++ -o dirreader dirreader.cpp
tcnode.h is the same source independent upon OS. In fact, you can try to use it on Android or iOS projects. There is no reason not to work!
7. tCNode Reference
This section is a quick reference to methods in tCNode template class. It is recommended you read the entire article before referring to this section.
Construction
Recall figure 2 - tCNode type definition and you clearly see you do not have to use the original template declaration to create a data-type. In fact, the macro TNODE_SET_TYPE is by far the best way.
The macro creates some types you can use in your code. Thus, if you want a type DataTree where int type as key and char * type as data you should use this way:
TNODE_SET_TYPE(DataTree, char *, int)
Automatically the following types are created:
- TDataTree (tCNode<char *,int>)
- TDataTreeRef (tCNode<char *,int>::tcnode_ref)
- TDataTreePtr (tCNode<char *,int>::tcnode_ptr) and
- TDataTreeNodes (tCNode<char *,int>::tcnode_subnodes)
void addDataSorter(_IN std::string _name, _IN _SORTER _receiver, _IN BOOL _recursive = FALSE)
Create a new data sorter in current node. A data sorter can include all tree nodes below it (_recursive = TRUE) or just the child nodes. Data sorter are executed in current node when refreshDataSorters is called.
Parameters
_name [in, required]: A string that identifies a single data sorter_receiver [in, required]: A sort function pointer with prototype bool function(tcnode_ptr _p1, tcnode_ptr _p2)_recursive [in, optional]: Set TRUE to include all nodes and subnodes below current node.
Return Value
tcnode_ref addShortcut(_IN std::string _label, _IN std::vector<tcnode_key> &_parm)
Create a string shortcut to a node in the tree.
Parameters
_label [in, required]: A string that identifies the shortcut_parm [in, required]: A vector that contains the full address of the node described by an array of keys
Return Value
- A reference to the current node.
tcnode_ref createNode(_IN tcnode_data _data, _IN tcnode_key _key)
Create a new child node indexed by _key. If node already exists, the node data is replaced by new _data.
Parameters
_data [in, required]: The data itself defined at template declaration_key [in, required]: The key itself defined at template declaration
Return Value
A reference to new child node or the existing one if the key already exists.
std::vector<tcnode_ptr> &getAllSubNodesByKey(_OUT std::vector<tcnode_ptr> &_parm, _IN tcnode_key _key)
Select all subnodes from current node where _key matches. It is recursive.
Parameters
_parm [out, required]: Pointers to nodes that matches _key_key [in, required]: The search key
Return Value
_parm is returned filled with pointers to nodes that matches _key. If _key not found, _parm is returned as was passed.
long getCount(void)
Count all subnodes from current node recursively.
Parameters
Return Value
tcnode_data &getData(void)
Get a reference to DATA in current node.
Parameters
Return Value
std::vector<tcnode_ptr> &getDataSorterByName(_IN std::string _name, _OUT BOOL &_is_valid)
Return a reference to full data sorter data, the complete array of pointers. _is_valid must be tested to know if data sorter is valid.
Parameters
_name [in, required]: Data sorter name_is_valid [out, required]: TRUE if data sorter returned is valid otherwise FALSE
Return Value
A reference to data sorter. An array of pointers to nodes. TNODE_PTR_TO_REF converts PTR to REF.
long getDeep(void)
Get current node deep or level. root has deep = 0.
Parameters
Return Value
- Long integer representing current deep
tcnode_ptr getFirstSubNodeByKey(_IN tcnode_key _key)
Return a node given a KEY. The search starts in current node and it is recursive.
Parameters
_key [in, required]: key to execute the search
Return Value
- A pointer to subnode if found.
NULL if not found. Application can use TNODE_PTR_TO_REF macro to convert pointer into reference.
long getId(void)
Get a number that is unique to identify a node.
Parameters
Return Value
- Long integer representing node identifier
tcnode_key &getKey(void)
Get a reference to KEY in current node.
Parameters
Return Value
std::vector<tcnode_ptr> &getNextDataSorterInfo(_IN BOOL _begin, _OUT std::string &_name, _OUT BOOL &_recursive, _OUT _SORTER &_sortfunc, _OUT BOOL &_is_valid)
List one by one data sorters in a node.
Parameters
_begin[in, required]: TRUE indicates first data sort. FALSE list next one_name[out, required]: the data sorter name_recursive[out, required]: TRUE indicates data sorter was set as recursive_sortFunc[out, required]: Sort function run by data sort. A variable to be passed must be declared as T<type name>::SortPredCall_is_valid[out, required]: TRUE indicates data returned is valid. Application should test _is_valid to know when data sort list finished
Return Value
- A reference to data sorter data itself. An array of pointers to nodes.
TNODE_PTR_TO_REF converts PTR to REF.
tcnode_ptr getNodeByFullAddress(_IN std::vector<tcnode_key> &_parm)
Return a node given an address. See getNodeFullAddress to know how to get a node address.
Parameters
_parm [in, required]: array of nodes representing an address
Return Value
- A pointer to subnode if found.
NULL if not found. If you want, you can use TNODE_PTR_TO_REF macro to convert pointer into reference.
tcnode_ptr getNodeByKey(_IN tcnode_key _key)
Return the child node given a KEY. It is not recursive, only child nodes level is searched. The recursive version is getFirstSubNodeByKey.
Parameters
_key [in, required]: key to execute the search
Return Value
- A pointer to subnode if found.
NULL if not found. If you want, you can use TNODE_PTR_TO_REF macro to convert pointer into reference.
tcnode_ptr getNodeByShortcut(_IN std::string _parm)
- Return a node given a shortcut name.
Parameters
_parm [in, required]: the shortcut name
Return Value
A pointer to subnode if found. NULL if not found. If you want, you can use TNODE_PTR_TO_REF macro to convert pointer into reference.
std::vector<tcnode_key> &getNodeFullAddress(_OUT std::vector<tcnode_key> &_parm)
Get full address of current node representing by an array of keys. You can use returned array to create shortcuts.
Parameters
_parm [out, required]: receives array of keys.
Return Value
tcnode_ref getParent(void)
Get a reference to parent node.
Parameters
Return Value
- Reference to parent node. root returns a reference to itself.
tcnode_ref getRoot(void)
Get a reference to root node.
Parameters
Return Value
tcnode_shortcuts &getShortcuts(void)
Get a map containing all list of defined shortcuts. The type tcnode_shorcuts is a typedef of:
std::map<std::string, std::vector<tcnode_key> >
Shortcuts are not related to a single node but all tree. Thus, you can call this function from any part or level of tree.
Parameters
Return Value
- A reference to
tcnode_shortcuts
tcnode_subnodes &getSubNodes(void)
Return all child nodes from current node. tcnode_subnodes is a map<key, tCNode>.
Parameters
Return Value
tcnode_subnodes that contain child nodes of current node
BOOL hasSubNodes(void)
Return TRUE if node has subnodes (child nodes).
Parameters
Return Value
TRUE if node has subnodes or FALSE if it has not
bool isRoot(void)
Return TRUE if node is root node.
Parameters
Return Value
TRUE if node is root node or FALSE if it is not
void refreshDataSorters(void)
Run all data sorters defined in the current node.
Parameters
Return Value
bool removeSubNodeByKey(_IN tcnode_key _key)
Find a child node that matches key and remove it. If application has data sorters defined, it must call refreshDataSorters to update internal references.
Parameters
_key [in, required]: key to search specific node
Return Value
TRUE if child node found and removed. FALSE otherwise
tcnode_ref removeSubNodes(void)
Remove ALL child nodes of current node recursively. If application has data sorters defined, it must call refreshDataSorters to update internal references.
Parameters
Return Value
std::vector<tcnode_ptr> &selectDataEqualsTo(_IN std::string _name, _OUT std::vector<tcnode_ptr> &_parm, _IN const tcnode_data _value)
Select data sorter nodes that matches _value. You must pass an empty std::vector<tcnode_ptr> to be filled with result.
Parameters
_name [in, required]: data sorter name to select nodes_parm [out, required]: array filled with results_value [in, required]: value to be searched
Return Value
A reference to _parm. An array of pointers to nodes. TNODE_PTR_TO_REF converts PTR to REF.
std::vector<tcnode_ptr> &selectDataEqualsTo(_IN std::string _name, _OUT std::vector<tcnode_ptr> &_parm, _IN const std::vector<tcnode_data> &_vals)
Select data sorter nodes that matches _vals array. You must pass an empty std::vector<tcnode_ptr> to be filled with result.
Parameters
_name [in, required]: data sorter name to select nodes._parm [out, required]: array filled with results._vals [in, required]: array of values to be searched.
Return Value
A reference to _parm. An array of pointers to nodes. TNODE_PTR_TO_REF converts PTR to REF.
tcnode_ref setData(_IN tcnode_data _data)
Change the DATA in current node.
Parameters
_data [in, required]: data to replace current one
Return Value
- A reference to current node
tcnode_ref setDataAndKey(_IN tcnode_data _data, _IN tcnode_key _key)
Change the DATA and KEY in current node.
Parameters
_data [in, required]: data to replace in current one_key [in, required]: key to replace in current one
Return Value
tcnode_ref setKey(_IN tcnode_key _key)
Change the KEY in current node.
Parameters
_key [in, required]: key to replace in current one
Return Value
tcnode_ref setShortcut(_IN std::string _label)
Set a string shortcut to current node.
Parameters
_label [in, required]: a string to name the shortcut
Return Value
- A reference to current node
BOOL subNodeExists(_IN tcnode_key _key)
Find a subnode starting search from current node. The search is recursive.
Parameters
_key [in, required]: key to search
Return Value
TRUE if found, otherwise FALSE
template<class _RECV> void transverse(_IN _RECV _receiver)
Execute a callback function with prototype void function(DATA _data, KEY _key, long _deep). From current node, transverse will call the callback for every subnode passing DATA, KEY and DEEP (or level).
Parameters
_receiver [in, required]: The callback function
Return Value
operators ==, != and =
== and != are used to compare single nodes. What makes a node equal or different from other is the internal id (getId). In the tCNode tree, each node has its own Id.
So, these two operators make sense when application keeps many references or pointers to a single node and needs to know if that pointer or reference means that node.
The copy assignment operator (=) copies everything: nodes, data sorters, shortcuts.
7. Conclusion
I have used tCNode template in some projects and I hope it be useful to you. I have others like tMemSection for memory allocation. If you want to know more, check out the following article:
The tCNode class reference in this article is very summarized so if you have a question about how to implement/use it, you can email me @ developer@dataaction.com.br with Subject: tCNode Help.
Enjoy!
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