Introduction
Data-binding is the most useful feature in software development technologies. Data-binding in Angular application is the automatic synchronization of data between the model and view components. The model is the single source of truth in our application. The view is a projection of the model. When the model changes, the view reflects the change in application.
Here, we will see how can we consume Web API service for data-binding in AngularJS.
Using the Code
First of all, add an external Angular.min.js file to ASP.NET application. For this, download the JavaScript file from AngularJS official site or download my source code and then fetch it and add Angular.min.js file to your application.
Create an HTML file say AngularForm.html under your application to use AngularJS and link the JavaScript file to the HTML page.
<head>
<title>AngularJS Binding App</title>
<script src="Scripts/angular.min.js"></script>
</head>
Next, create a controller userController.js to control the application between view and model.
var userApp = angular.module("userApp", [])
userApp.controller("userController", function ($scope) {
})
Add the JavaScript controller to the HTML page.
<head>
<title>AngularJS Binding App</title>
<script src="Scripts/angular.min.js"></script>
<script src="Scripts/userController.js"></script>
</head>
Add "ng-app" in the HTML tag.
<html ng-app="userApp" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
Next add HTML tags on the page to create a proper view for the page. Let's create a sample form for user.
<body>
<form action="" name="myform">
<div ng-controller="userController" class="form-horizontal">
<div class="form-group">
<label for="message"
class="col-md-2 control-label">{{message}}</label>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="name"
class="col-md-1 control-label">Name</label>
<div class="col-md-2">
<input type="text"
ng-model="name"
class="form-control" required>
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="email"
class="col-md-1 control-label">Email</label>
<div class="col-md-2">
<input type="text"
ng-model="email" class="form-control" required>
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="gender"
class="col-md-1 control-label">Gender</label>
<div class="col-md-2">
<input type="radio" name="gender"
ng-model="gender" class="radio-inline"/>
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="country"
class="col-md-1 control-label">Country</label>
<div class="col-md-2">
<select ng-model="country"
class="dropdown form-control" required>
<option value=""
selected>-- Choose country --</option>
</select>
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="city" class="col-md-1 control-label">City</label>
<div class="col-md-2">
<select ng-model="city"
class="dropdown form-control" required>
<option value="" selected>-- Choose city --</option>
</select>
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="pincode"
class="col-md-1 control-label">PinCode</label>
<div class="col-md-2">
<input type="number"
ng-model="pincode" class="form-control" required>
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="mobileno"
class="col-md-1 control-label">MobileNo</label>
<div class="col-md-2">
<input type="number"
ng-model="mobileno" class="form-control" required>
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<div class="col-md-offset-1 col-md-10">
<input type="submit"
class="btn btn-default" value="Submit"/>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</form>
</body>
Here in the Div, a directive is used named "ng-controller" that consists of the name of the JavaScript function.The input, select tags used a directive "ng-model" provides the binding between the View and the Model.
Now, we will create models.
Country.cs
namespace SampleAngularJSAppz.Models
{
public class Country
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
}
}
City.cs
namespace SampleAngularJSAppz.Models
{
public class City
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
}
}
Add Web API Controller Class AngularFormController.cs to the application:
namespace SampleAngularJSAppz.Controllers
{
public class AngularFormController : ApiController
{
public IEnumerable<String> Get()
{
return string[] new { "value1", "value2"};
}
public string Get(int id)
{
return "value";
}
public void Post([FromBody]string value)
{
}
public void Put(int id, [FromBody]string value)
{
}
public void Delete(int id)
{
}
}
}
Now add code to return data from Web API service to bind view page data through AngularJS controller.
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Web.Http;
using SampleAngularJSAppz.Models;
namespace SampleAngularJSAppz.Controllers
{
public class AngularFormController : ApiController
{
Country[] countries = new Country[]
{
new Country { Id = 1, Name = "India" },
new Country { Id = 2, Name = "UnitedKingdom" },
new Country { Id = 3, Name = "USA" },
new Country { Id = 4, Name = "France" },
new Country { Id = 5, Name = "Scotland"}
};
City[] cities = new City[]
{
new City { Id = 1, Name = "Banglore" },
new City { Id = 2, Name = "Delhi" },
new City { Id = 3, Name = "Bhubaneswar" },
new City { Id = 2, Name = "Mumbai" },
new City { Id = 3, Name = "Hyderabad" }
};
public object Get()
{
string[] genders = new string[] { "Male", "Female" };
object objForm = new { countries, cities, genders };
return objForm;
}
public string Get(int id)
{
return "value";
}
public void Post([FromBody]string value)
{
}
public void Put(int id, [FromBody]string value)
{
}
public void Delete(int id)
{
}
}
}
In the next step, fetch data from Web API by calling get method from controller.
userApp.factory('userFactory', function ($http) {
return {
getFormData: function (callback) {
$http.get('api/AngularForm').success(callback);
}
}
})
userApp.controller("userController", function ($scope, userFactory) {
getFormData();
function getFormData() {
userFactory.getFormData(function (results) {
$scope.countries = results.countries;
$scope.cities = results.cities;
$scope.genders = results.genders;
})
}
$scope.Save = function () {
$scope.message = "User Data Submitted"
}
})
Here, we used userFactory as a function argument is the value returned by the function which is getFormData. Mainly userFactory used to fetch the data from the WebAPI. (The $http service is an inbuilt Angular service that is used for communication with the remote HTTP servers. $scope service acts as a glue between the controller and the view or the HTML template.)
After fetching data from service, then bind data to view (gender, country and city fields).
<label data-ng-repeat="gender in genders">
<input type="radio" name="gender" value="{{gender}}"
ng-model="gender" class="radio-inline"/> {{gender}}
</label>
<select ng-model="country" class="dropdown form-control" required>
<option value="" selected>-- Choose country --</option>
<option ng-repeat="country in countries"
value="{{country.Id}}">{{country.Name}}</option>
</select>
<select ng-model="city" class="dropdown form-control" required>
<option value="" selected>-- Choose city --</option>
<option ng-repeat="city in cities"
value="{{city.Id}}">{{city.Name}}</option>
</select>
The complete code for AngularForm.html page is as follows:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html ng-app="userApp" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title>AngularJS Binding App</title>
<link href="Content/bootstrap.css" rel="stylesheet" />
<script src="Scripts/angular.min.js"></script>
<script src="Scripts/bootstrap.js"></script>
<script src="Scripts/userController.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<form action="" name="myform">
<div ng-controller="userController" class="form-horizontal">
<div class="form-group">
<label for="message"
class="col-md-2 control-label">{{message}}</label>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="name"
class="col-md-1 control-label">Name</label>
<div class="col-md-2">
<input type="text"
ng-model="name" class="form-control" required>
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="email"
class="col-md-1 control-label">Email</label>
<div class="col-md-2">
<input type="text"
ng-model="email" class="form-control" required>
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="gender"
class="col-md-1 control-label">Gender</label>
<div class="col-md-2">
<label data-ng-repeat="gender in genders">
<input type="radio" name="gender"
value="{{gender}}" ng-model="gender"
class="radio-inline" ng-true-value="" /> {{gender}}
</label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="country"
class="col-md-1 control-label">Country</label>
<div class="col-md-2">
<select ng-model="country"
class="dropdown form-control" required>
<option value="" selected>-- Choose country --</option>
<option ng-repeat="country in countries"
value="{{country.Id}}">{{country.Name}}</option>
</select>
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="city" class="col-md-1 control-label">City</label>
<div class="col-md-2">
<select ng-model="city"
class="dropdown form-control" required>
<option value="" selected>-- Choose city --</option>
<option ng-repeat="city in cities"
value="{{city.Id}}">{{city.Name}}</option>
</select>
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="pincode"
class="col-md-1 control-label">PinCode</label>
<div class="col-md-2">
<input type="number"
ng-model="pincode" class="form-control" required>
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="mobileno"
class="col-md-1 control-label">MobileNo</label>
<div class="col-md-2">
<input type="number"
ng-model="mobileno" class="form-control" required>
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<div class="col-md-offset-1 col-md-10">
<input type="submit" class="btn btn-default"
value="Submit" ng-click="Save()" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
This is the final output of AngularForm.html.
Summary
Now, we have learned how we can consume Web API Service for data-binding in AngularJS. Here, I have only written about AngularJS querying values from ASP.NET Web API through HttpGet. You can explore how AngularJS makes other operations on RESTful services.
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