Joomla Module: how to parse the values from backend and post them at frontend

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Joomla

i want to do a small edit in an exististing module. That module parses articles from the given categories and post em at index. I wanted to add another element (ID) so the user could give the id from an article that isnt in a category and post that Also.

Im completly new to module development and even the easiest task seems really complex for me right now. So i created the text field at my xml manifest file, and i can add a value and here comes my question/s.

If im not mistaken the list type fields are getting saved somewhere in the db and you can retrieve em calling as a list that has default elements.

$params = JFactory::getApplication()->getParams();
$model->setState('params', $appParams);
$modell->setState('list.start');

It maybe sounds dumb but i didnt find anything about text fields !! Or maybe i didnt understood it. So i would like someone to enlight me on how we genneraly retrieve the values user gives at backend so we can echo em at frontend.

And also if someone could recommend me a book or something that could help me with joomla module development ( I tried Joomla Development A beginners Guide by Hagen Graf and Learning Joomla 3 Extension Development 3rd Edition , but they didnt help me alot as u can see :D )

Thanks for your time.