You are only capturing single vowels. You need to use a flag to identify when the substring changes from vowel to consonant and
vice versa. Something like:
count=0
vowel = False
for letter in sentence:
if letter in vowels:
if vowel == False:
vowel = True
count = 1
else:
count += 1
else:
if vowel == True:
print(count, end="")
vowel = False
print(letter, end='')
print('')
Note: I have not run exhaustive tests on this so you need to try with a number of different words.