If you really want to know, in depth, what is happening in integrated circuits, then you need to start with the simple stuff (hah! Simple my Ar*e! NPN / PNP junctions, capacitive effects, inductive resistance, propagation delays, phase errors, etc., etc., etc.)
Try this book:
Making a Transistor Radio (A ladybird how to make it book)[
^] When you have worked that out, you are ready to start on the harder stuff! (BTW: it doesn't mention any of the things I listed above)
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