A regular expression would be perfect for that:
using System.Text;
string pattern = @"^text(?<guid>[0-9a-zA-Z]{8}-[0-9a-zA-Z]{4}-[0-9a-zA-Z]{4}-[0-9a-zA-Z]{4}-[0-9a-zA-Z]{12})\.txt$";
Regex regex = new Regex(pattern, RegexOptions.Compile | RegexOptions.CultureInvariant);
string input1 = "text1eb4617fd-4876-4c52-aa5b-21f8be8fb0f8.txt";
string input2 = "texteb4617fd-4876-4c52-aa5b-21f8be8fb0f8.txt";
bool input1Matches = regex.IsMatch(input1);
bool input2Matches = regex.IsMatch(input2);
As a bonus, if you want to get the Guid, it is a simple as:
Match m = regex.Match(input2);
Guid guid = Guid.Parse(m.Groups["Guid"].Value);
Note: the Guid you are presenting is not a valid one: its first block should hold exactly 4 bytes, buty the example you give would need 5 bytes to store 1eb4617fd. That's why I used two string variables in my example.
Hope this helps.