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The db issue you point out with cloud is a main reason micro services have become popular. Each micro service generally has its own db. Designing micro services for an application requires some of the same skills as partitioning a db...you have to break them up such that you minimize the number of db updates required to get your micro services into a consistent state. It can become quite complex and if not done well, can end up in a tangled db mess.
Fortunately, I write internal apps, and have only a few thousand users, so have not had to go the micro service route.
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Scott Serl wrote: It can become quite complex and if not done well, can end up in a tangled db mess.
And it's the Latest Shiny Thing, so it's going to be done incredibly badly 99% of the time ... by students who think a single lecture they spent on FarceBok makes them a consultant. 
"I have no idea what I did, but I'm taking full credit for it." - ThisOldTony
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That's OK, they gets the codez on QA.
If you can keep your head while those about you are losing theirs, perhaps you don't understand the situation.
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Brilliant explanation!
It kills 2 birds with one stone!
- how to make scalable Cloud service!
- what's the deal with this newfangled micro service thing! 
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We have been using Azure for almost 5 years to host a web-based timeclock system for a client. It consists of 2 web apps and 1 database, all azure services. The decision to 'cloudify' instead of self-host (which we normally do) was based on the nature of the application with the most weight on availability. About two years ago, we added another client for the same system/setup. They weren't as demanding as the original client so I was able to keep them on the free plan with a minimum S0 database.
In hindsight, it would have been better and cheaper to have created an Azure VM, hooked it up to a domain name, and hosted the apps from it with the database(s) local. In fact, before the CV hit, I had already scheduled a migration to the new host so that I can save around $100 a month. In addition, the apps perform better and it opens up a lot more options when you have complete control of the hosting environment.
The free plans are nice but have limitations. Our biggest pain was finding a reporting tool that allowed printing and exporting in the Azure environment. The quick and dirty way (still being used) was to host the ssrs reports (in anonymous mode) on our webserver and hook them to the azure sql databases...slow, but it works. I'm looking forward to removing that link from the process and use a proper reporting tool.
As for scaling, once I have everything running on the VM, if I need more horsepower (not likely) then I can bump it up to the next paid level. (currently costing me around 70 usd/month and more than adequate for what I'm doing now) btw, I'm renting a windows server 2016 datacenter with a moderate 8GB of ram. Obviously, you can save money if you go the 'nix route.
"Go forth into the source" - Neal Morse
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Super Lloyd wrote: since the DB is read/write you can't spawn multiple copy of it on multiple serversince this one server is used for all your queries, you can't really scale your website
I agree. These two statements contradict each other. I will go further and say that all client/server architectures suffer the same inherent flaw of not being scalable. Can you make them "scale"? Yes, but it is also true that anything can fly if you give it enough power. Hmmm, I wonder what would happen if Azure one day didn't have enough "power"? Hint: not good. Hint2: study the shipping giant Maersk NotPetya hack in Andy Greenberg's book "Sandworm" chapters 20-28. Hint3: think pandemic, only on 'cloudy thing' computers. Hint4: again, not good.
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The cloud isn't magic. Any of your alarmist scenarios apply to in house hosting also. Except of course that you must then either have already hired and have been paying your in house experts for years to deal with that or do a mad emergency scramble to find a consultant when your servers are taken out. A full service hosting, such as a cloud server, but true of any full service hosting company already has those experts.
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I see your point and agree. However, I don't think I'm being too alarmist. I don't think the Maersk concern would think I am being too alarmist either. But your point still stands. My bias comes from having developed a decentralized software framework that has the potential of solving the scalability and resiliency issues centralized client/server architectures chronically suffer from. From that viewpoint, clouds look very risky indeed and again, the OPs original statements still stand. Decentralized computing resolves the OP's truth statements.
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My preliminary calculations are that the cloud costs the same as if we were to buy all new servers every year. The benefits are automatic scaling as needed, and lack of need to maintain hardware. A drawback is controlling costs. With Amazon, it was impossible. With Azure, it's better, but still not good.
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Using the cloud for any critical corporate data is a fools' errand. Though the vendors will tell you of their great security, nothing is truly secure on the web. And it is made even more insecure by having centralized storage locations such as the Cloud that can host the data from multiple companies all in a single facility or several such facilities.
Cloud hosting has been shown to be quite vulnerable to breaches and security specialists have been wary about this type of data storage for quite some time.
Cloud hosting marketing is directed at reducing costs, not increasing a company's security. And since so many companies have been shown to not really care all that much about strict security, the Cloud hosting plans make a very tempting alternative to paying additional employees to maintain their own internal storage services along with the corresponding hardware costs.
Think about it. If a company deems it worthwhile, it probably isn't...
Steve Naidamast
Sr. Software Engineer
Black Falcon Software, Inc.
blackfalconsoftware@outlook.com
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Super Lloyd wrote: Although I can't help but wonder.. if you have a read and write database used by almost any page you serve, wouldn't you say both assertion below are true?
- since the DB is read/write you can't spawn multiple copy of it on multiple server
- since this one server is used for all your queries, you can't really scale your website
All of that is irrelevant if the business doesn't have the traffic to require multiple servers. In that case a hosting company (cloud service) is just providing the expertise to keep that single server up an running all the time. You are responsible for the data but not the box, operating system and perhaps not even the database software.
But if the business does have enough volume then the business itself drives what the specifics are of how the volume can be handled.
If a Point of Sale device is ringing up a transaction in Los Angles then there is no overlap between that transaction and one at the same time in Tampa Bay. The cashier is different, the customer is different, the fulfillment center is different. Same is true for medical, construction, movie theaters, etc.
As one design consideration a smaller company can make if they actually have the volume is that replicated servers do not all need to be read and write. It is likely that many more transactions will be reads rather than writes. So most can be read only. That reduces load on the write server, often significantly. Writes are replicated to the read servers.
That leads to the design consideration of timeliness. Does a new user that was just created in New York (east coast server) need to actually be visible to the user in California (west coast server) immediately or is 5 seconds later good enough? After all the customer service rep that created that user probably needs to do some stuff before they even tell the user it is working. And that will take more than 5 seconds.
Naturally very large businesses have much more complicated design problems that they must deal with. But companies can get by with must less complications for quite a long time before they encounter those problems.
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... an hour and a half to do some simple - but necessary - shopping, then get home to find the cat staring at a caterpillar on the carpet. Transplant to outside, unpack, put away ... cat still staring. Odd.
Cat still staring. Odder.
Cat now scratching at carpet under heavy chair. The light dawns.
Fetch torch, look under chair: mouse. Alive? Dead? Dunno.
Long story short, the mouse was dead, but it was Dij's plaything and he'd be ![Elephant | [mastadon]](https://codeproject.global.ssl.fastly.net/script/Forums/Images/elephant.gif) 'ed if he was going to let me near it. Finally separate cat and toy - he's faster than I am by a considerable margin - dispose, and reward.
This has "long day" written all over it. 
"I have no idea what I did, but I'm taking full credit for it." - ThisOldTony
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Now, is the cat in the room or in the moor?
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That makes sense now that I've read the CCC.
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Be careful: sometimes mice play dead.
Our cats have started to bring in mice again too, preferably at night so I can go on a wild hunt in my underpants and release the mouse outside in the bushes, still freezing cold over here 
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He's locked in at night: he timeshares the territory with the neighbour's cat - they hate each other and vet bills get expensive - so he is out all morning, she is out afternoon and evening.
But he's a predatory little sod: if it moves he'll have a go ...
"I have no idea what I did, but I'm taking full credit for it." - ThisOldTony
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The cats hide the mouse in your underpants? 
Software rusts. Simon Stephenson, ca 1994. So does this signature. me, 2012
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It'd be an improvement on "half a mouse in your shoe"
"I have no idea what I did, but I'm taking full credit for it." - ThisOldTony
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That must be quite a tail!
If you can't laugh at yourself - ask me and I will do it for you.
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"I once shot an elephant in my pajamas. How he got in my pajamas I'll never know"
Groucho Marx
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Yep, that's what prompted my thought. Someone here uses it as a sig.
Software rusts. Simon Stephenson, ca 1994. So does this signature. me, 2012
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OriginalGriff wrote: Fetch torch
Other topic...
In India also, this is called torch. During a visit to the US, I asked for "torch" at the shop counter, and the salesman showed a puzzled look. Then I realized it had to be "flashlight" - remembered this from reading Hardy Boys, Nancy Drew books.
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That's because the UK subjugated your country for a while. We kicked them out when they started to get silly.
'Murica
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 Reminded me of many years back, when our cat brought a (live) baby rabbit into our bedroom. He could jump from the garden shed straight through our bedroom window. It was about a 6ft jump, which with a rabbit in his mouth, was pretty impressive!
Rabbit was going mental; cat was going mental; wife was going mental (standing on the bed screaming). That too was 'fun'!
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Roger !
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