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This MSDN page[^] says:
Returns distinct elements from a sequence by using the default equality comparer to compare values.
If you want to return distinct elements from sequences of objects of some custom data type, you have to implement the IEqualityComparer<T>[^] generic interface in the class.
DaveIf this helped, please vote & accept answer!
Binging is like googling, it just feels dirtier.
Please take your VB.NET out of our nice case sensitive forum.(Pete O'Hanlon)
BTW, in software, hope and pray is not a viable strategy. (Luc Pattyn)
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In SQL database, I have role,process and menu table mappings for showing/hiding menu based on the logged on user's role.
I need to show/hide certain buttons in the application based on the roles and processes.
How do I do this? Please point in the right direction
------------------------------------------------------------
"The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing." --Socrates
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In ASP.NET? WinForms? Using the standard roles/membership provider?
"WPF has many lovers. It's a veritable porn star!" - Josh Smith As Braveheart once said, "You can take our freedom but you'll never take our Hobnobs!" - Martin Hughes.
My blog | My articles | MoXAML PowerToys | Onyx
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In ASP.net 3.5.
I have some roles which can't be in AD group. Need to put them in sql database.
------------------------------------------------------------
"The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing." --Socrates
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Take a look at this[^] to get some information about ASP.NET membership and roles. Next time, try posting ASP.NET questions in the ASP.NET forum.
"WPF has many lovers. It's a veritable porn star!" - Josh Smith As Braveheart once said, "You can take our freedom but you'll never take our Hobnobs!" - Martin Hughes.
My blog | My articles | MoXAML PowerToys | Onyx
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I want a dropdown menu to be visible only when i click on the text box.
Is this possible? I can find no such click event in asp.net
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Think about this for a while and consider the postback model. You'd either have to postback to the server every time you clicked in the textbox which would cause the whole page to be refreshed, which would be a real pain for the user, or you have to find an alternative mechanism. Is this giving you a hint? Think of javascript - and it's not a click event you want to consider, it's the focus event.
"WPF has many lovers. It's a veritable porn star!" - Josh Smith As Braveheart once said, "You can take our freedom but you'll never take our Hobnobs!" - Martin Hughes.
My blog | My articles | MoXAML PowerToys | Onyx
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YOUR_TEXTBOX_ID.Attributes.Add("onclick","Visible(true);");
function Visible(isVisible)
{
$get('your_dropdown_clientid').visible = isVisible;
}
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Is there any efficiency lost in declaring variables inside loops, or is the compiler smart enough to optimize the code so the variable is really only reserved once? For example, would it be more efficient to move the variable declaratrions outrside of the loops?
Example 1
for (int i = 0; i < tblApplications.Controls.Count; i++) { ... }
Is it more efficient to write it like this:
int i;
for (i = 0; i < tblApplications.Controls.Count; i++) { ... }
Example 2
foreach (GridViewRow row in grdUsers.Rows)
{
string value= row.Cells[1].Text;
}
Is it more efficient to write it like this:
GridViewRow row;
string value;
foreach (row in grdUsers.Rows)
{
value= row.Cells[1].Text;
}
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I think you'll find it makes no difference as far as efficiency is concerned - it's not going to declare the variables each time around the loop.
However, there is a difference. In your first example i goes out of scope when the loop finishes. In the alternative, i is still in scope when the loop finishes (with a value equal to the Count).
Regards
David R
---------------------------------------------------------------
"Every program eventually becomes rococo, and then rubble." - Alan Perlis
The only valid measurement of code quality: WTFs/minute.
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There is no difference at the MSIL level. In both cases, the variable would get a named local variable slot.
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Check your apps memory usage. Each declaration using more memory in .NET, even though it shouldn't
One interesting note, however:
foreach(string abc in someList){
}
string abc = "test";
Is a compiler error.
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it is all the same. However
for (int i = 0; i < tblApplications.Controls.Count; i++) { ... }
is counting those Controls over and over, you may gain some by storing that in a local variable once.
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The first form (declaring the variable with the loop) is more efficient in terms of memory, the scope of the variable stays within the loop, so when the loop ends, the variable is ready for garbage collection. Declaring the variable before the loop increases its scope to the calling method (you might want this in some cases, but neither of the cases you described as like that), when the loop ends, the variable remains in scope until the calling method fishes.
Declaring the variable before the loop is also less readable, it also makes the code harder (or at least uglier) to refactor if, for example, you want to take the loop out into its own method.
Finally, and this is my opinion, I don't think you should worry too much about efficiency unless your method is used a lot. The things you need to do to make code efficient quite often makes it less readable (and harder to maintain). There was some quote like "prior optimisation is the thief of good code". Most code doesn't put that much stress on a server (unless you are looping/using it constantly, or the application has an inherently heavy workload, e.g.batch processing), and you should only really optimise code in such circumstances (and then really really optimise the most often executed code. That said, you also need to make sure your code doesn't become bloated, so it's always a bit of a balancing act.
Hope this answers your question.
[Edit]
I'm waiting to be flamed now....
ragnaroknrol The Internet is For Porn[^]
Pete o'Hanlon: If it wasn't insulting tools, I'd say you were dumber than a bag of spanners.
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This is exactly the type of answer I was looking for - thanks!
Adam
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But it's an int in the first case, no GC in sight
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Correct, but it will still be popped out of the stack when it goes out of scope. The second example definitely does get destroyed by the GC.
My main points were that the increasing the scope out of the loop, both decreases the readability, and takes an (an albeit small) amount of memory while [edit- removed Geordie English] it remains in scope.
ragnaroknrol The Internet is For Porn[^]
Pete o'Hanlon: If it wasn't insulting tools, I'd say you were dumber than a bag of spanners.
modified on Monday, July 19, 2010 12:16 PM
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Keith Barrow wrote: Correct, but it will still be popped out of the stack when it goes out of scope.
No it won't, it will get an entry in the .locals section and its value will stay valid even though it would be "out of scope" according to C# - and the JIT compiler is an idiot and will permanently (as long as the stack frame is active) allocate stack space for it at least while a debugger is attached (not sure how to get the optimized code)
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Wow, that is carp (by which I mean a little brown fish or sorts ) design. Still, you learn something new everyday I suppose.
Are there any article around about how this stuff works (I mean the relationship between the call stack an the variables that get declared and how these unwind, rather than GC)? I have just realised that I have no clue what happens under the hood, and I hate not knowing stuff ( and sadly there is a lot of stuff I don't know....).
ragnaroknrol The Internet is For Porn[^]
Pete o'Hanlon: If it wasn't insulting tools, I'd say you were dumber than a bag of spanners.
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I don't know about articles.. I just took a look at the disassembly window in the debugger, and at the MSIL view in the Reflector
Local variables are "destroyed" (that is, they will be at a lower address than ESP) in the function epilogue, temporary variables (from expression evaluation) in MSIL live on the operand stack and in the Actual* Code they are in registers (unless there are too many, then they get some stack space as well)
* But all that is still based on the "JIT without optimizations" since I can't figure out how to get the real, optimized, code. I've tried doing a kernel32@DebugBreak but then it refuses to debug any managed code and gets stuck in some native stack frames..
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Keith Barrow wrote: there is a lot of stuff I don't know...
There is but one consoling thought: the more you study, the more you realize the things you don't know are growing in number even more rapidly.
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This is true. I studied so much that I realised I was learning less and less about more and more, so now I know nothing about anything.
"WPF has many lovers. It's a veritable porn star!" - Josh Smith As Braveheart once said, "You can take our freedom but you'll never take our Hobnobs!" - Martin Hughes.
My blog | My articles | MoXAML PowerToys | Onyx
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Pete O'Hanlon wrote: so now I know nothing about anything.
However you succeed rather well at hiding that. 
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I have come across this artice:
g Returned XML with C#
and I want to know what's the best way from the listed ways to read weather.com weather xml data feed using C#?
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