You could achieve your goal like this:
var xmlDocument = new XmlDocument();
xmlDocument.Load("data.xml");
var nodes = xmlDocument.DocumentElement?.SelectNodes("/root/Folder");
if (nodes == null) return;
var dictionary = nodes.Cast<XmlNode>().ToDictionary(node =>
{
var selectSingleNode = node.SelectSingleNode("path");
return selectSingleNode?.InnerText;
}, node =>
{
var singleNode = node.SelectSingleNode("name");
return singleNode?.InnerText;
});