Hi,
The access to any social network site is not just passing the credentials & get access to the site, you have experienced in many web sites where once you provide access for the Tweeter kind of sites after that whenever you click it does not require any authentication and even you change password of your Tweeter account, the link still works as before.
This concept of authentication uses the Token based access, the user will authenticate only one using actual credentials and which in turn the social network provide the "Access Token" and the web site make use of these access token and can use to access the social sites, web site can read your tweets or post any message on behalf of you all based on the access you provided during first time authentication.
For tweeter authentication, read this below link for various access level you required.
Let me know if you need more details on this access.
Access Token Link
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