You need to pass a Table Valued Parameter to your stored procedure using Entity Framework.
(It doesn't matter that you're using ASP.NET MVC; Entity Framework and Table Valued Parameter are the key things to search on.)
Those search parameters will lead you to the solution:
Using Table Valued Parameters in Entity Framework | C# Corner[
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var parameter = new SqlParameter("@YourParameterName", SqlDbType.Structured);
parameter.TypeName = "dbo.YourTableTypeName";
parameter.Value = YourDataTable;
db.Database.ExecuteSqlCommand("exec dbo.YourStoredProcedure @YourParameterName", parameter);