How Filesystem is created on harddisk

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There are lot of filesystems available today for example FAT32, NTFS , ext3,ext4, Brtfs, jfs, UBIfs etc. What I understood was, the way in which file is organized in the harddisk(I mean the data structres) is different for the above mentioned filesystems.
Now i am not very much clear, how these file systems are created on the harddisk and exactly how the superblock and other things are created on the sectors of the harddisk?
What format command will do? what the below mkfs command will do ?What exactly mount is doing? why differnet filesystems exists?

/sbin/mkdosfs /sbin/mkfs.ext2 /sbin/mkfs.ntfs
/sbin/mke2fs /sbin/mkfs.ext3 /sbin/mkfs.vfat
/sbin/mkfs /sbin/mkfs.ext4 /sbin/mkfs.xfs
/sbin/mkfs.btrfs /sbin/mkfs.ext4dev /sbin/mkhomedir_helper
/sbin/mkfs.cramfs /sbin/mkfs.msdos /sbin/mkswap

I am interested in learning filesystems, but i am not clear how the actual software is connected with the filesystem exist on harddisk?

Any books or articles which explain the basics of all the above things will be very useful.

Thanks in advance.

Posted 4-Dec-15 3:12am

chandrAN2&

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CPallini · Answer 1 · 2015-12-04T03:27:00

Solution 1

I would start with simple one, and Wikipedia would be the first place to look at: File Allocation Table[^].

Posted 4-Dec-15 3:27am

CPallini

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chandrAN2& 4-Dec-15 10:02am

Thanks ..I have the doubt like how the root file system is created? Say root file system contain already some file ? After mounting we are using /bin/file to launch an executable right? so how this file is already stored under /bin in the disk?

Sergey Alexandrovich Kryukov 4-Dec-15 10:34am

No, there is no such thing. There is no root file system, and no such file...
—SA

Sergey Alexandrovich Kryukov 4-Dec-15 10:36am

A 5, but... I don't know where it goes... :-)
—SA

CPallini 4-Dec-15 15:19pm

Thank you.

chandrAN2& 4-Dec-15 11:04am

i didn't get what you are telling

chandrAN2& 4-Dec-15 11:05am

Are you saying there is no such thing as root file system?

chandrAN2& 4-Dec-15 11:06am

http://www.linfo.org/root_filesystem.html

Dave Kreskowiak 4-Dec-15 13:39pm

That is a Linux term because of how the *nix file system works. Nothing else uses it.