Not with StringBuilder.
However, it's easy with a string.
You can use:
string input = "Cheese Burger $5.00 plus fries";
Regex pricePattern = new Regex(@"\$(\d+\.\d\d));
var match = pricePattern.Match(input);
decimal price = 0;
if (match.Success)
{
price = decimal.Parse(match.Value);
}