C / C++ / MFC

// call this with menu names such as:
// menu_name = &Tools\Toolbars
// menu_option = "My menu item text"
// menu_index = COMMAND_ID of menu option
// first = true when you call it yourself
// suggested_position = position in menu to put command (-1 = add to end of menu)
bool AddMenuItem(CMenu *menu, CString& menu_name, CString& menu_option, int menu_index, bool first, int suggested_position)
{
	int			sub_menu = 0 ;
	int			num_items = 0 ;
	CString		pop_up_menu_name = "" ;
	CString		name ;
	int			pos = 0 ;

	// check to see wether we need to find a popup of this menu
	pos = menu_name.Find('\\') ;			// -1 if no separator
	if (pos < 0)
		{
		// find the popup menu with this name and append the item to the bottom
		num_items = menu->GetMenuItemCount() ;
		// look for the correct sub menu to add this item to
		for (sub_menu = 0 ; sub_menu < num_items ; sub_menu++)
			{
			menu->GetMenuString(sub_menu, pop_up_menu_name, MF_BYPOSITION) ;
			if (pop_up_menu_name == menu_name)
				break ;				// found correct popup
			}
		if (sub_menu == num_items)
			{
			// pop_up menu does not exist, add it
			CMenu	*menuPopup ;
			menuPopup = new CMenu ;
			menuPopup->CreatePopupMenu() ;
			// add this item to the menu
			menuPopup->AppendMenu(MF_STRING, menu_index, _T(menu_option)) ;
			// insert the new popup menu. If its on the top level, then add just to left of window menu
			if (first)
				menu->InsertMenu(num_items - 2, menu_name, MF_POPUP | MF_BYPOSITION, (UINT)menuPopup->m_hMenu, NULL, 0) ;
			else
				{
				// add to end if suggested_position < 0
				if (suggested_position < 0)
					menu->InsertMenu(num_items, menu_name, MF_POPUP | MF_BYPOSITION, (UINT)menuPopup->m_hMenu, NULL, 0) ;
				else
					menu->InsertMenu(suggested_position, menu_name, MF_POPUP | MF_BYPOSITION, (UINT)menuPopup->m_hMenu, NULL, 0) ;
				}
			}
		else
			{
			menu->GetSubMenu(sub_menu)->AppendMenu(menu_option, MF_OWNERDRAW, menu_index);
			}
		}
	else
		{
		// need to do recursive call on menu name
		// find the first level popup menu
		name = menu_name.Left(menu_name.Find('\\')) ;		// get menu name section
		menu_name = menu_name.Right(menu_name.GetLength() - name.GetLength() - 1) ;		// lose popup name and delimiter
		// find the popup menu with this name and then do  a recursive call without this popups name, but passing this popup
		num_items = menu->GetMenuItemCount() ;
		// look for the correct sub menu to add this item to
		for (sub_menu = 0 ; sub_menu < num_items ; sub_menu++)
			{
			menu->GetMenuString(sub_menu, pop_up_menu_name, MF_BYPOSITION) ;
			if (pop_up_menu_name == name)
				break ;				// found correct popup
			}
		if (sub_menu == num_items)
			{
			// pop_up menu does not exist, add it, then do recursive call
			CMenu	*menuPopup ;
			menuPopup = new CMenu ;
			menuPopup->CreatePopupMenu() ;
			// do recursive call on this menu
			AddMenuItem(menuPopup, menu_name, menu_option, menu_index, bitmap, false, suggested_position) ;
			}
		else
			{
			// no need to create popup, just do recursive call on it
			CMenu	*menuPopup ;
			menuPopup = menu->GetSubMenu(sub_menu) ;
			// do recursive call on this menu
			AddMenuItem(menuPopup, menu_name, menu_option, menu_index, bitmap, false, suggested_position) ;
			}
		}
	return true ;
}

void CMainFrame::OnMakemenu() 
{
 // Get the menu from the application window.
   CMenu* mmenu = GetMenu();

   // Look for "File" menu.
   int pos = FindMenuItem(mmenu, "test dyn");
   if (pos == -1)
      return;
   CMenu* submenu = mmenu->GetSubMenu(pos);
   submenu->AppendMenu(MF_STRING, 0, "Dog");
}

int CMainFrame::FindMenuItem(CMenu *Menu, LPCTSTR MenuString)
{
ASSERT(Menu);
   ASSERT(::IsMenu(Menu->GetSafeHmenu()));

   int count = Menu->GetMenuItemCount();
   for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
   {
      CString str;
      if (Menu->GetMenuString(i, str, MF_BYPOSITION) &&
         (strcmp(str, MenuString) == 0))
         return i;
   }

   return -1;

}

// submenu is a CMenu variable of your window.

submenu.CreatePopupMenu();
submenu.AppendMenu(MF_STRING, ID_APP_EXIT, (LPCTSTR)"E&xit"); // for example.
mmenu->ModifyMenu(pos,MF_BYPOSITION|MF_POPUP,(int)(submenu.m_hMenu),"&File");
 

Joaquín M López Muñoz
Telefónica, Investigación y Desarrollo

void CMainFrame::OnMakemenu() 
{
 // Get the menu from the application window.
   CMenu* mmenu = GetMenu();

   // Look for "File" menu.
   int pos = FindMenuItem(mmenu, "test dyn");
   if (pos == -1)
      return;

   // Remove "New" menu item from the File menu.
   CMenu* submenu = mmenu->GetSubMenu(pos);
 //  pos = FindMenuItem(submenu, "&New\tCtrl+N");
  // if (pos > -1)
 //     submenu->RemoveMenu(pos, MF_BYPOSITION);
	// TODO: Add your command handler code here
   pos = FindMenuItem(submenu, "junk");
      if (pos > -1)
      submenu->RemoveMenu(pos, MF_BYPOSITION);


	submenu->AppendMenu(MF_STRING, 0, "Dog");
}

int CMainFrame::FindMenuItem(CMenu *Menu, LPCTSTR MenuString)
{
ASSERT(Menu);
   ASSERT(::IsMenu(Menu->GetSafeHmenu()));

   int count = Menu->GetMenuItemCount();
   for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
   {
      CString str;
      if (Menu->GetMenuString(i, str, MF_BYPOSITION) &&
         (strcmp(str, MenuString) == 0))
         return i;
   }

   return -1;

}