Without even seeing the exception, you are setting the values using the wrong methods!
Dates are set using setDate, integers setInt, etc.
You need something like:
SimpleDateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("dd/mm/yyyy", Locale.ENGLISH);
ps.setDate(1, new Date(df.parse(todaysDate).getTime()));
ps.setInt(2, Integer.parseInt(cartID));
ps.setString(3, clientName);
ps.setString(4, teamSegment);
ps.setInt(5, Integer.parseInt(duration));
ps.setString(6, tapeID);
ps.setDate(7, new Date(df.parse(startDate).getTime()));
ps.setDate(8, new Date(df.parse(endDate).getTime()));
ps.executeUpdate();
Personally, I'd extract the data directly to the correct data types as there may be parsing errors which your code will only catch under general exceptions.