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This is the error that shows up when I type command-"pip install -r requirements.txt" in "Ubuntu".

Building wheel for cffi (setup.py) ... error
error: subprocess-exited-with-error

× python setup.py bdist_wheel did not run successfully.
│ exit code: 1
╰─> [35 lines of output]
running bdist_wheel
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/lock.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/setuptools_ext.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/vengine_gen.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/ffiplatform.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/vengine_cpy.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/cparser.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/recompiler.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/error.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/cffi_opcode.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/api.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/verifier.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/backend_ctypes.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/model.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/commontypes.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/_cffi_include.h -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/parse_c_type.h -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/_embedding.h -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/_cffi_errors.h -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
running build_ext
building '_cffi_backend' extension
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-310
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/c
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -g -fwrapv -O2 -fPIC -DUSE__THREAD -DHAVE_SYNC_SYNCHRONIZE -I/usr/include/ffi -I/usr/include/libffi -I/home/aalam/Flask_Blog/venv/include -I/usr/include/python3.10 -c c/_cffi_backend.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/c/_cffi_backend.o
c/_cffi_backend.c:15:10: fatal error: ffi.h: No such file or directory
15 | #include <ffi.h>
| ^~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
error: command '/usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit code 1
[end of output]

note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
ERROR: Failed building wheel for cffi
Running setup.py clean for cffi
Failed to build cffi
Installing collected packages: cffi, Flask, bcrypt, Flask-WTF, Flask-SQLAlchemy, Flask-Mail, Flask-Login, Flask-Bcrypt
Running setup.py install for cffi ... error
error: subprocess-exited-with-error

× Running setup.py install for cffi did not run successfully.
│ exit code: 1
╰─> [37 lines of output]
running install
/home/aalam/Flask_Blog/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/command/install.py:34: SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning: setup.py install is deprecated. Use build and pip and other standards-based tools.
warnings.warn(
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/lock.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/setuptools_ext.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/vengine_gen.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/ffiplatform.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/vengine_cpy.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/cparser.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/recompiler.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/error.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/cffi_opcode.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/api.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/verifier.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/backend_ctypes.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/model.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/commontypes.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/_cffi_include.h -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/parse_c_type.h -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/_embedding.h -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
copying cffi/_cffi_errors.h -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/cffi
running build_ext
building '_cffi_backend' extension
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-310
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/c
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -g -fwrapv -O2 -fPIC -DUSE__THREAD -DHAVE_SYNC_SYNCHRONIZE -I/usr/include/ffi -I/usr/include/libffi -I/home/aalam/Flask_Blog/venv/include -I/usr/include/python3.10 -c c/_cffi_backend.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/c/_cffi_backend.o
c/_cffi_backend.c:15:10: fatal error: ffi.h: No such file or directory
15 | #include <ffi.h>
| ^~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
error: command '/usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit code 1
[end of output]

note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
error: legacy-install-failure

× Encountered error while trying to install package.
╰─> cffi

note: This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip.
hint: See above for output from the failure.

What I have tried:

I have tried-"pip install wheel", but the problem did not resolve.
Posted
Updated 29-Dec-22 3:09am

1 solution

The actual error message is at the compilation phase:
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -g -fwrapv -O2 -fPIC -DUSE__THREAD -DHAVE_SYNC_SYNCHRONIZE -I/usr/include/ffi -I/usr/include/libffi -I/home/aalam/Flask_Blog/venv/include -I/usr/include/python3.10 -c c/_cffi_backend.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-310/c/_cffi_backend.o
c/_cffi_backend.c:15:10: fatal error: ffi.h: No such file or directory
15 | #include <ffi.h>

So you need to find out why that file is not present.

For further help I would suggest you go to CFFI documentation — CFFI 1.15.1 documentation[^].
 
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Comments
Aalam Pratap Bedi 29-Dec-22 11:13am    
@Richard MacCutchan thanks for helping buddy. I am not able to proceed, appropriately, using your suggestion. Can you be please more specific?
Richard MacCutchan 29-Dec-22 11:36am    
How much more specific do you think I can be? The error message is clear, there is a file missing from the downloaded package.That is not something that anyone here can fix for you.
Aalam Pratap Bedi 30-Dec-22 3:29am    
@Richard MacCutchan I installed cffi but the error continues to show. What else can I try to solve the error?
Richard MacCutchan 30-Dec-22 4:15am    
How many times do I need to say this? There is a file missing from the download, and no one here can do anything about that. Go to the CFFI website at the link I gave you and ask there.
Aalam Pratap Bedi 30-Dec-22 4:35am    
@Richard MacCutchan This is the 1st time I am facing this type of issue so its taking me sometime to understand whats going on. I'll proceed with your suggestion and hopefully im able to solve the issue.

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