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Well, go ahead; you have our permission to do that.
Feel free to come back if you have an actual question.
"These people looked deep within my soul and assigned me a number based on the order in which I joined."
- Homer
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WithDegreeOfParallelism: Degree of parallelism is the maximum number of concurrently executing tasks that will be used to process the query.
I don't quite understand what you mean by this sentence. --> "concurrently executing tasks"
What exactly is meant by "TASK"? CPU or Kernel or something else???
What does "3" do in the code block below;
AdventureWorks2017Context context = new AdventureWorks2017Context();
context.Products.AsParallel().WithDegreeOfParallelism(3).ForAll(p =>
{
//ToDO
})
Best Regards...
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dataminers wrote: what you mean by this sentence. --> "concurrently executing tasks"
The term tasks in that context is equivalent to threads in your previous question. LINQ will create multiple threads and share the problem between them.
dataminers wrote: What does "3" do in the code block below;
It's the value referred to in your first sentence.
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Dear Richard, thank you for your reply.
I understand that based on your answer, the two code blocks below are the same;
await Task.Run(() =>
{
CalculateSomething(5);
});
await Task.Run(() =>
{
CalculateSomething(8);
});
List<int> myList = new() { 5, 8 };
myList.AsParallel().WithDegreeOfParallelism(2).ForAll(x =>
{
CalculateSomething(x);
});
Both complete the process on two Threads.
Note: CalculateSomething hypothetically this function takes a very long time
Regards...
modified 9-Sep-22 17:15pm.
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That certainly makes sense.
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Sometimes people get confused when you read a lot. You know, not all information on the Internet is correct. That's why I'm investigating the issue. Please don't get me wrong.
Multi-Thread: Running more than one Threads inside a Process.
Parallel Programming: Running threads simultaneously on different cores in multi-core processors.
So; .NET Core TPL (Task Parallel Library) is Multi-Thread programming, not a Parallel Programming.
Isn't it?
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Your definitions are not correct. You can also have multiple physical CPUs with multiple cores each.
Threads refers to "threads of execution". You can have multiple threads running on a single core, though the core will only execute code on one thread at a time, for a limited amount of time before switching to the next thread in the scheduler. You can have multiple cores running multiple threads at the same time. You can have more threads "running" than there are cores in the CPUs to run them. For example, open Task Manager and go to the Performance tab. See the "Threads" number? There's thousands of threads running in hundreds of processes, but you only have, say, 8 cores to run them all. Most threads are sitting idle, waiting for a core to execute them, or waiting for I/O to complete, or whatever else.
Windows gives the illusion of running thousands of threads using "pre-emptive multitasking". This allows a thread to execute on a core for a small amount of time before being stopped and the core switches to the next thread in the scheduler.
A Task is NOT a thread. In some respects, it looks like a thread of execution, but it's really an abstraction, or wrapper around a block of work to do. Tasks are scheduled to run on a pool of threads (a ThreadPool). You can have more tasks running than there are threads in the pool. Tasks can sit idle waiting for an available thread to a task, or part of a task.
A single task can be executed by multiple threads. Thread0 can execute a task for a limited time, then the task is idled, waiting for execution to be resumed by either another thread, or the same thread that was executing it before. Thread1 can pick up where Thread0 left off, or Thread0 can come back around and pick up where it left off.
Think of it as layers, with CPUs at the bottom of the stack, cores on top of that, then threads on top of cores, and Tasks on top of threads. Each layer you go higher in the stack can have more items in it than the layer below.
|+++++++ Tasks +++++++|
|++++ Threads ++++|
|+++ Cores +++|
|+ CPUs + |
Parallel programming is a technique, or library, that makes it easier to write code to execute on multiple threads, or cores, to accomplish work. The Task Parallel Library is an IMPLEMENTATION of parallel programming. The TPL makes it easier to write code that uses multiple threads to accomplish work.
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dataminers wrote: the two code blocks below are the same
No they're not.
The first one starts a new task to execute CalculateSomething(5), and then suspends the current thread until that task completes. It then starts another task to execute CalculateSomething(8).
The second one starts two tasks to execute CalculateSomething(5) and CalculateSomething(8), and then freezes the current thread until both have completed.
If you time both approaches, the AsParallel code will be roughly twice as fast as the two await Task.Run(...) calls.
The closest equivalent using Task.Run would be:
Task t1 = Task.Run(() => CalculateSomething(5));
Task t2 = Task.Run(() => CalculateSomething(8));
await Task.WhenAll(t1, t2);
"These people looked deep within my soul and assigned me a number based on the order in which I joined."
- Homer
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Is it possible to run multi-threads on a single-core processor?
Best Regards...
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Yes, you can spawn multiple threads on single core system. Processor with swap between threads based on priority and that will give an illusion of multithreaded processing.
"It is easy to decipher extraterrestrial signals after deciphering Javascript and VB6 themselves.", ISanti[ ^]
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Yes. Under Windows, it's been that way since the dawn of Windows 2.1, back in, what, 1988-ish?
Today, you can just open Task Manager, click on the Performance tab, and the CPU tab on the left. See the "Threads" number? See the "Core" and "Logical processors" numbers? How else are you going to get thousands of threads running on so few processors?
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No one I know had a quad-core i386 
Still, didn't want to be that blunt.
Bastard Programmer from Hell 
"If you just follow the bacon Eddy, wherever it leads you, then you won't have to think about politics." -- Some Bell.
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 Peasant!
I can't remember the first time I laid hands on a multiple CPU machine, but it wasn't until the mid 90's at a minimum. Go Windows NT 3.x!
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Bastard Programmer from Hell 
"If you just follow the bacon Eddy, wherever it leads you, then you won't have to think about politics." -- Some Bell.
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See OS/360 and successors - Wikipedia. There were processors and operating systems half a century ago that supported multiple tasks (threads). The idea was that many things, especially I/O, took time and if only one task executes then the processor is idle for a long period of time. Back then disk drives and tape drives were very slow.
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This question is about a net core Web app
Hi all , if I put this line in _ViewImports.cshtml (where IPageSettings is in the IServiceCollection)
@inject IPagingSettings PageSettings;
PageSettings is available in all my views EXCEPT _layout.cshtml, anyone know why ? I can't find anything with Mr Google
Life should not be a journey to the grave with the intention of arriving safely in a pretty and well-preserved body, but rather to skid in broadside in a cloud of smoke, thoroughly used up, totally worn out, and loudly proclaiming “Wow! What a Ride!" - Hunter S Thompson - RIP
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According to the documentation[^], _ViewImports should apply to every page, including layouts and partial views, whereas _ViewStart doesn't apply to layouts or partial views.
There must be something else going on. What's the hierarchy of your views folder, and what's the error message you're getting?
"These people looked deep within my soul and assigned me a number based on the order in which I joined."
- Homer
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It's the standard hierarchy Richard - _ViewImports.cshtml is in the root Views folder - there is no error it's (the var) not available when I try and use it with @PageSettings, in all the other views I get intellisense
Edit
I should mention that, if I put the same @inject statement directly in _layout.cshtml it works
Life should not be a journey to the grave with the intention of arriving safely in a pretty and well-preserved body, but rather to skid in broadside in a cloud of smoke, thoroughly used up, totally worn out, and loudly proclaiming “Wow! What a Ride!" - Hunter S Thompson - RIP
modified 24-Aug-22 5:21am.
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"Not available" as in "not listed by intellisense", or does it not compile if you try to use it?
"These people looked deep within my soul and assigned me a number based on the order in which I joined."
- Homer
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Good call Richard it does actually work but I don't like red squigglies - I've noticed the same with the using statements, same thing intellisense works in all views except _layout where I'm prompted to add the full namespace.class
Life should not be a journey to the grave with the intention of arriving safely in a pretty and well-preserved body, but rather to skid in broadside in a cloud of smoke, thoroughly used up, totally worn out, and loudly proclaiming “Wow! What a Ride!" - Hunter S Thompson - RIP
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I have an API and a client registered for authorization on Azure AD.
When making a call to an endpoint which has the Authorize attribute on, I'm getting a 401 unauthorized response. I think the problem is, I'm using the wrong clientid/ResourceId combination when acquiring the token ( I get a token but it's invalid ) - anyone know which clientid/ResourceId I should be using when requesting the token ?
On the API registration in Azure the values are
ClientId: "0efb6359-0d88-4196-9f53-054b042b2ae1"
Instance: https:
ResourceId: "api://0efb6359-0d88-4196-9f53-054b042b2ae1/.default",
TenantId: "90fff3ee-9a7c-4eb1-8259-4d8c6bf6ca90"
and the client
ClientId: "41eeebbd-ea7f-4f49-a936-1624b6cb9c72",
Instance: "https://login.microsoftonline.com/",
ResourceId: "api://0efb6359-0d88-4196-9f53-054b042b2ae1/.default"
TenantId: "90fff3ee-9a7c-4eb1-8259-4d8c6bf6ca90"
I'm confused  I've tried swapping out the clientid/ResourceId but to no avail hope this makes sense
Edit
I figured it out you have to put the clientid of the Client in the resourceid of the API
Life should not be a journey to the grave with the intention of arriving safely in a pretty and well-preserved body, but rather to skid in broadside in a cloud of smoke, thoroughly used up, totally worn out, and loudly proclaiming “Wow! What a Ride!" - Hunter S Thompson - RIP
modified 19-Aug-22 11:30am.
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I am working with Nasdaq Fund Network Data Service first time. i am calling their one of the API where passing user id,pwd and access key but always getting 401 status code. i am not able to figure out what is wrong in my http call. please some one have a look at the code and tell me where i made the mistake for which i am getting 401 status code instead of right response.
here is my sample code where i could not share actual credentials and access key.
string url = "https://nfn.nasdaq.com/servicecall/tempsession";
Uri u = new Uri(url);
string username = "test1";
string password = "test1";
string accessKey = "my key";
var payload = new Dictionary<string, string>
{
{"username", username},
{"password", password},
{ "accesskey", accessKey}
};
string strPayload = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(payload);
HttpContent c = new StringContent(strPayload, Encoding.UTF8, "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
var response = string.Empty;
ServicePointManager.SecurityProtocol = SecurityProtocolType.Tls12 | SecurityProtocolType.Tls11;
using (var client = new HttpClient())
{
HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage
{
Method = HttpMethod.Post,
RequestUri = u,
Content = c
};
var result = client.SendAsync(request).Result;
if (result.IsSuccessStatusCode)
{
response = result.StatusCode.ToString();
}
}
modified 10-Aug-22 9:50am.
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